Bordered by France on three sides, with one side bordering the Mediterranean Sea, its center is about 16 km (9.9 mi) from Italy, and is only 15 km (9.3 mi) south east of Nice, France.

Its area is 1.98 km2 (0.76 sq mi) or 500 acres, with a population of 35,986, making Monaco the second smallest and the most densely populated country in the world, as of 2012.

Having a land border of only 4.4 km2 (1.7 sq mi), a coastline of 4.1 km2 (1.6 sq mi), a maritime claim that extends 22.2 kilometres (13.8 mi), and a width that varies between 1.7 km2 (0.66 sq mi) and 349 meters (382 yards), Monaco is unique.

The highest point in the country is a narrow pathway named Chemin des Révoires on the slopes of Mont Agel, in the Les Révoires district, it is 161 meters (528 feet) above sea level.

Monaco's most populated quartier is Monte Carlo, and the most populated ward is Larvotto/Bas Moulins.

After a recent expansion of Port Hercules,Monaco's total area is 2.05 km2 (0.79 sq mi), with new plans to extend the district of Fontvieille, with land reclaimed from the Mediterranean Sea.

There are two ports in Monaco, Hercules and Fontvieille, as well the neighboring French port of Cap d'Ail.

Monaco's only natural resource is fishing, with almost the entirely country being an urban area, Monaco lacks any sort of commercial agriculture industry.

Monaco has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate, which is influenced by the oceanic climate and the humid subtropical climate.